Cukur Ruwat Rambut Gimbal ditetapkan sebagai Warisan Budaya Takbenda Indonesia dari Provinsi Jawa Tengah yang ditetapkan dalam Sertifikat Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Nomor 63379/MPK.E/KB/2016 Tahun 2016 dan ditetapkan sebagai Warisan Budaya Takbenda (WBTb) oleh Tim Ahli Cagar Budaya Kabupaten Wonosobo dengan Nomor Registrasi 201600359.
Ruwatan berasal dari kata “ruwat” dan mendapatkan sufik “-an”. Kata ruwat mengalami gejala metatesis dari kata “luwar” yang berarti terbebas atau terlepas. Seseorang yang dianggap terkena sukerta, maka ia harus diruwat agar terlepas dari ancaman marabahaya (malapetaka) yang melingkupinya. Tradisi ruwat rambut gimbal yang diselenggarakan oleh masyarakat memiliki beberapa elemen pelengkap beserta maknanya, diantaranya sebagai berikut.
Tradisi Cukur Ruwat Rambut Gimbal ©Dokumentasi Pemerintah Kabupaten Banjarnegara
Cukur Ruwat Rambut Gimbal has been designated as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indonesia from Central Java Province, as affirmed by Certificate Number 63379/MPK.E/KB/2016 issued by the Ministry of Education and Culture in 2016. It is also recognized as Intangible Cultural Heritage (WBTb) by the Cultural Heritage Expert Team of Wonosobo Regency with Registration Number 201600359.
The term "ruwatan" derives from "ruwat" and gains the suffix "-an". "Ruwat" itself undergoes metathesis from "luwar", meaning to be free or liberated. If someone is believed to be affected by bad luck (sukerta), they must undergo "ruwatan" to free themselves from impending disasters or calamities surrounding them. The tradition of "ruwatan rambut gimbal" organized by the community includes several complementary elements, each with its own significance, as follows:
1. Sesaji in the form of Bucu: Symbolizes the process of orderly life. Bucu is made from rice without any additional side dishes, symbolizing that true life is without any attributes.
2. Kembang Setaman: Various types of flowers mixed with water in one container, sprinkled at the beginning of the "ruwatan rambut gimbal" procession. This signifies the purification process before entering a new phase of life.
3. Kembang Telon: Several types of flowers like red roses, white roses, jasmine, and ylang-ylang mixed together. This symbolizes the essence of life, starting from the union of red and white rose symbols (father and mother), then being born to live a life with hopes of leaving a good legacy symbolized by jasmine, and after the life process ends, hoping that their goodness will be remembered by future generations symbolized by ylang-ylang.
4. Aneka Jajanan Pasar: Various typical market snacks served in one container, symbolizing the various aspects of worldly life with different flavors (sweet, salty, savory, spicy, etc.).
5. Bebana: Requirements that participants must fulfill upon request during the "ruwatan rambut gimbal". This symbolizes the obligation of parents to provide for their families.
6. Ruwatan Equipment: Consists of scissors, a bowl, a square mori cloth/shroud, a "songsong" (symbolic hair comb), a chair, and a bandana made of mori cloth. All these tools are used during the "ruwatan" process or when cutting the hair.
Cukur Ruwat Rambut Gimbal is conducted en masse during the Dieng Culture Festival (DCF). The moral message of this tradition emphasizes the importance of preserving the environment in mountainous areas, symbolized by cutting the "gimbal" hair. This stems from the philosophy that the human head represents the mountain and the "gimbal" hair represents the surrounding forest. This signifies that when utilizing land and forests for human needs, their sustainability must be considered, symbolized by various offerings and prayers (Cultural Heritage Expert Team of Wonosobo Regency, 2023).
- Sesaji berupa Bucu
- Kembang Setaman
- Kembang Telon
- Aneka Jajanan Pasar
- Bebana
- Peralatan Ruwatan
Tradisi Cukur Ruwat Rambut Gimbal ©Dokumentasi Pemerintah Kabupaten Banjarnegara
Cukur Ruwat Rambut Gimbal has been designated as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indonesia from Central Java Province, as affirmed by Certificate Number 63379/MPK.E/KB/2016 issued by the Ministry of Education and Culture in 2016. It is also recognized as Intangible Cultural Heritage (WBTb) by the Cultural Heritage Expert Team of Wonosobo Regency with Registration Number 201600359.
The term "ruwatan" derives from "ruwat" and gains the suffix "-an". "Ruwat" itself undergoes metathesis from "luwar", meaning to be free or liberated. If someone is believed to be affected by bad luck (sukerta), they must undergo "ruwatan" to free themselves from impending disasters or calamities surrounding them. The tradition of "ruwatan rambut gimbal" organized by the community includes several complementary elements, each with its own significance, as follows:
1. Sesaji in the form of Bucu: Symbolizes the process of orderly life. Bucu is made from rice without any additional side dishes, symbolizing that true life is without any attributes.
2. Kembang Setaman: Various types of flowers mixed with water in one container, sprinkled at the beginning of the "ruwatan rambut gimbal" procession. This signifies the purification process before entering a new phase of life.
3. Kembang Telon: Several types of flowers like red roses, white roses, jasmine, and ylang-ylang mixed together. This symbolizes the essence of life, starting from the union of red and white rose symbols (father and mother), then being born to live a life with hopes of leaving a good legacy symbolized by jasmine, and after the life process ends, hoping that their goodness will be remembered by future generations symbolized by ylang-ylang.
4. Aneka Jajanan Pasar: Various typical market snacks served in one container, symbolizing the various aspects of worldly life with different flavors (sweet, salty, savory, spicy, etc.).
5. Bebana: Requirements that participants must fulfill upon request during the "ruwatan rambut gimbal". This symbolizes the obligation of parents to provide for their families.
6. Ruwatan Equipment: Consists of scissors, a bowl, a square mori cloth/shroud, a "songsong" (symbolic hair comb), a chair, and a bandana made of mori cloth. All these tools are used during the "ruwatan" process or when cutting the hair.
Cukur Ruwat Rambut Gimbal is conducted en masse during the Dieng Culture Festival (DCF). The moral message of this tradition emphasizes the importance of preserving the environment in mountainous areas, symbolized by cutting the "gimbal" hair. This stems from the philosophy that the human head represents the mountain and the "gimbal" hair represents the surrounding forest. This signifies that when utilizing land and forests for human needs, their sustainability must be considered, symbolized by various offerings and prayers (Cultural Heritage Expert Team of Wonosobo Regency, 2023).